Access to the external drive is an older device to inject vigor great, or lets you can't (or don't want to) change the built-in hard disk drive of the machine running Linux.
Suppose you want to dual-boot system with Linux, but the computer's hard drive does not have any available space. One solution is to use the "active" Linux distributions, such as Knoppix, it can be run directly from CD. If you occasionally use, this method is feasible, but it has a number of serious shortcomings:-you still need some persistent storage of the data file. If you use only a very small file, you can use the floppy disk; for medium-sized files, USB flash drives may be sufficient, but they are not the ideal method. -When using the "active" CD, to install their own applications or customize existing applications can be difficult, if not impossible. -Use activities release reduces performance, most notably in the when starting the test all devices — but the runtime will also reduce performance (because everything must be loaded from the CD, which is typically higher than from the hard drive to load more slowly). Naturally, there are other choices. For example, you can buy another internal drive and install Linux. But often, the machine might not be any available drive bays (particularly notebooks, it is usually only allowed to a built-in hard disk drive). Alternatively, you can use a larger drive instead of the current drive and in the resulting extra space in the installation of Linux. However, this is a time of choice, because it requires you to a new drive to reinstall the existing OS system, reinstall and reconfigure all applications and restore all data. A better solution is to buy an external hard drive, and install Linux. This allows you to not change the existing hardware and software, only want to use Linux when connecting an external drive. Removable drives option can install Linux mobile device can range from a floppy disk drive to a USB Flash memory device to USB/FireWire hard drive and so on. Although it may be Linux installation in small volumes of devices, such as fl or 32MBUSB spare, but these are usually (inevitable) are specialized after reduction of the release, for example, is used to rescue a damaged installation. However, external hard drive at a reasonable cost to common Linux distributions provide maximum flexibility. External drive from many different manufacturers (Maxtor, WesternDigital, etc.), you can have a variety of different sizes. The drive contains an external box, place the standard 3-1/2 inch or 2-1/2 inch IDE drives. These drives are usually via the USB or IEEE1394 (FireWire) connection to the computer. USB has two major versions, 1.1 and 2.0. Version 1.1 maximum transmission speed 12Mbit/s (megabits per second), while version 2.0 support up to 480Mbit/s of transfer rate. Although most compatible 2.0 drives are backward compatible 1.1, but generally it is best to avoid using 1.1 unless you have no choice (because it's slow). FireWire standard also defines a number of different possible speed, but in fact, no matter when it comes to FireWire, they all refer to the "FireWire400", it supports up to 400Mbit/s of transfer. From speed, USB2.0 and FireWire Sara selectable: Although USB2.0 quoted speed higher, in fact, because the agreement, they are similar. If your computer both, perhaps better use USB instead of FireWire (I'll explain later why), but if only FireWire, you of course can only select the FireWire. For maximum flexibility, from large amounts of support USB2.0 and FireWire drives, select the one (for example, I used drive later in this article). For you do not have the required ports, PCI (for desktop) and PCMCIA (laptops) computer, can be very cheap to buy FireWire and USB2.0 card: for example, I use later in this article is about the PCMCIAFireWire card with 10GBP (less than 20 USD) to buy. In order to complete this article, I purchased a 5-1/4 inch external drive cartridge. This is a very flexible disk cartridges, it is not provided with any drive, you can mount any standard IDE devices, including the 3-1/2-inch hard disk drive and 5-1/4 inch IDE devices, such as CD-RW/DVD-RW drive. Disk cartridge with USB2.0 and FireWire connections. In order to spare cartridge IBMThinkpadT30 connected to my laptop, I also purchased the PCMCIAFireWire card (built-in USB port only support USB1.1). Spare cartridge and FireWire cards are cheaper (namely 50GBP and 10GBP). For testing purposes, I will spare cartridge and I prepared 13GB3-1/2 inch IDE drive connection — in practical use, I will buy a larger capacity drives, the drives are now very cheap (about every GB50GBP!) Linux support as you might expect, Linux on the disc box support is really good. Any compliance with "mass storage" SBP (SerialBusProtocol) standard devices can easily be used in conjunction with Linux. In General, to enable support for these devices, the kernel needs to support many content (compiled directly or through a module). For USB and FireWire, SBP device support through SCSI emulation implementations — that is, the device displays to Linux as if they are SCSI disks. This is on Linux abstract storage device of a generic method (for example, IDECD/DVD drive is usually connected using SCSI emulation). Therefore, you need the following kernel support:-SCSI support-SCSI emulation-SCSI disk support in addition, depending on the connection method, you will need the following support:-for IEEE1394 FireWire:-support-support-RAW1394 OHCI1394 support-support-for SBP-2:-USB (host side) OHCI USB support-support-support-UHCI USB mass storage support obviously, you must fully functional support for additional hardware (video card, etc.), depending on your actual hardware, you may also need some other modules. For example, I use PCMCIA (cardbus) FireWire card, so you need to add:-PCMCIA cardbus support installation support-we now have an external device, will begin installing Linux. Now install Linux the easy way (of course, is my point of view) is to connect all the hardware (here, contains the Insert PCMCIAFireWire card, FireWire cables attached to PCMCIA card and drive, open the drive's power switch); then using your choice of release of the installation CD to boot the computer. I choose to release is Gentoo (see references for related links), so I use the new "Universal" x86LiveCD (2004.1). Other releases the necessary steps should be smaller than the number of steps described here or less. Once you have used to boot the installation CD, if lucky, it should have been recognized by your drive. The drive should appear under the disks/dev/sdX, where x is from "a" beginning of lowercase letters. In my system, the external drive is detected as/dev/sda, however if you have other SCSI disks (simulation of SCSI disk), which will change; in that case, it may be a/dev/sdb or other letters. If the drive is not automatically detected, you may need further steps — for example, you may have through boot option to enable FireWire or PCMCIA, or you may have to manually add some kernel modules or similar other items (see reference for Troubleshooting Guide). Once the drive is recognized, then consider the rest of the installation concerned, it should do the same as the built-in hard disk drive; therefore you should need to partition and install Linux as usual. However, one word of warning: when you decide to install the boot loader (GRUB or LILO is usually) be careful – I recommend not to install it in MasterBootRecord (MBR) (this is usually the default). Instead, it should be installed on the external drive root partition (or boot partition, if you use a separate boot loader). Now that we have installed the device in Linux, then you want to boot Linux. From here you can start to have some skills. Boot in the discussion guide new drive, you need to know some boot loader theory. The boot loader is installed in your computer the first hard disk MBR. When you call the boot loader (BIOS automatically perform the MBR code), it usually displays can boot OS menu. Select a given OS boot. In this scenario should note two things:-OS selection menu (usually) is loaded from disk. -Related to boot OS, boot loader needs related to the kernel read from disk. As a result of these actions occurs before loading the OS, it means that all disk reads must go through a BIOS calls. This will involve a serious problem: namely, to direct the boot disk, your BIOS must support via FireWire or USB-connected disks. This can usually be seen from these types of disk boot a BIOS option. In fact FireWireBIOS support current is rare, but the USB support is becoming quite common. Therefore, if you are relatively new computer using USB, should be able to direct the boot drive in Linux. In the external drive MBR installed GRUB, when through a USB connection, I can directly boot drive. When the boot disk is connected is very simple to enter the BIOS Setup program. External disk appears as a normal hard drive: move the disk to make it in the boot order is located on the internal drive. I can also be internal drive MBR in installed boot loader, and use it to boot USB drives (when it appears in the GRUB hd1inGRUB). If you use the FireWire, possible BIOS cannot directly boot drive, you will need some other operation. Fortunately, because of the flexibility of Linux, if you can't boot directly (using PCMCIAFireWire card, I definitely like this!), there will be a fairly simple solution. From a supported device (such as a floppy disk drive, CD, USBkey or master drive tiny partition) performs the initial boot steps, and then use an external drive for other operations. Construction of the boot image you can boot using two methods: a stage of booting the kernel boot, install the root file system, and by calling the init scripts (usually/sbin/init) continue to be initialized. two stage (initrd) boot kernel boot, install the initial ram disk (initrd), perform furtherCustomizable initialization, and then install the root file system and continue
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