Local area network architecture

How online basically, our online for local area network is probably using this way: linux_20location.jpg > between computers is a Hub or switch as an online interface, and then follow the Linux host is connected to a NAT between, finally, through a fixed IP academic network, or their ADSL modem to connect the Internet.

Basically, we hope that the internal network can easily make a variety of network communication, so the above four network card IP and we hope he can in the same network segment, for example: we can set the Linux host is used to connect the internal network IP is 192.168.1.2, whereas the other three network cards are set to 192.168.1.11 ~ 192.168.1.13 on it, and then sub shielding network is 255.255.255.0, the four network card belong to the same network segment between the network card can be directly online instead of through the Getway!: on the Hub but also noted above, if you're just an ordinary family, the Hub you can choose a song that five hole (a roughly as long as the 500-$ 600), but if you are a residential network, and your schoolmates often have large flow of file transfer (for example, from a personal computer to personal computer b), in order to increase the efficiency of transmission is recommended to use can be automatically resolved 10/100Mbps hub or switch to using, because his transfer rate is 10Mbps 10 times on network cables:! this is a particular need to pay attention, because the most frequently used network cable connector for RJ45 network cables, network cables, because there are no joints part patch cord processing is divided into two kinds of wire rod, a parallel line (that is, no jumper processing), a is called a jumper. The above graph, connected to the Hub of the network cable is a normal network cable, which is the parallel lines, and the Linux host received the ADSL modem's line is to use jumper! because of an error will result in the use of wire could not be online, so please pay particular attention here! "to install which communication protocol since we mainly use Linux host to the online Windows system on a personal computer, in your Windows system, the network needs to have the following setting can see each other every computer! (note that the following description is taken from article Study-Area) · NetBEUI Let's go back to IBM initially entering the era of the personal computer network, they do need a basic network communication protocols, but they do not intend to use this to construct a large network, only for dozens of computers and even smaller networks. Based on this appeal, was born NetworkBasicInput/OutputSystem, or NetBIOS. NetBIOS only 18 command (command) to let the network computers to establish maintenance and use of buildings connected service. But IBM in the near future and then launched the NetBIOS extended version: NetBIOSExtenedUserInterface, or NetBEUI, NetBIOS is basically an improved version. However, NetBIOS and NetBEUI is different: NetBEUI in fact can be said is a transport protocol, and NetBIOS at best is a set of commands to let the system you can use the network only, on a technical point of view, it is a ApplicationProgramInterface (API). NetBEUI can be regarded as you will be able to use the fastest communication protocol. The "fastest" means that it can be formatted data into packets inside, and the receiving node and can be quickly reading the content. However, there is a most NetBEUI fatal weakness: it is not a routable (routable) Protocol, which is not able to and other machines on the network. NetBEUI on a local network which is very good, but if you want to and other network machine communications, and NetBEUI is not what you need. If you want to achieve and communicate with other network computers, you most likely need to route through the routing device or software to achieve, but no matter which, unfortunately, NetBEUI can do. However, the Microsoft network is using a technology called NetBIOSoverIP, to connect to different networks NetBEUI customers. But in the final analysis, it used to reaching route not NetBIOS instead of TCP/IP. · IPX/SPX InternetworkPacketExchange (IPX) is a Novell agreement can be established between network devices remain and terminate communications buildings connected, he is responsible for outgoing data, is also responsible for incoming. When data arrives, IPX addresses will read the data, and to move to a network server or workstationThe correct place. If the server or workstation needs to send out the data, it will identify good IPX data packet address, and then out through the network routing. SequencedPacketExchange (SPX) protocol is used to control network processing, such as handling lost packets or other status. Although the IPX and SPX are Novell, but their use is not restricted to the Novell network. As a transport protocol, IPX/SPX can be used in many different hardware above, IPX/SPX is a routable protocol. mod · United States developed the TCP/IP TransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol (TCP/IP), and originally was used to tie in with the ARPANET (AdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyNet) to handle the connections between different hardware problems, such as Sun systems and Mainframe? Mainframe and PC connection. InternetProtocol (IP) work at the network layer (later will continue and we explore OSI network layer), it provides a set of standards for different network rules to follow, of course, if you want to use an IP from a network packet routing to another network. IP is designed to be used in LAN and LAN and PC and is transferred between PCs. You can put the IP as the rules of the game, but TCP is used for the interpretation of these rules. Although TCP/IP was originally designed for several universities and institutions in the use of TCP/IP, but now has become the most popular protocol, we use the Internet is to use TCP/IP to route packets. Here let us look at how the work of TCP/IP: If your company is in many parts of the branch, and each has its own local network (LAN) that runs in the Corporation is Novell network, but most are branch in Macintosh computers. When the Mac data you want to transfer to the PC will be how to? first, TCP will both platforms can provide a full-duplex checking (on bi-directional data is error detection). Then, develop better communication between the IP and Mac and PC connection port. Until here, the TCP ready data, if the data is too large, the IP will be split into several smaller packets, and packet above plus a new header (forwarding address), ensure that packets are delivered correctly. TCP also with label description of data types and lengths. Further down, IP packets are converted to standard encoding format and transmitted to the PC. Finally, in the PC above TCP packet decoding and translated into the format of the PC to be able to understand, that is its own network protocol to use. TCP/IP is the protocol uses one of the most widespread Protocol, because it tries to achieve all all of your hardware. However, it is the slowest one of transport protocol, and in some cases, its speed 70% only NetBEUI. When the installation is complete the above Protocol, the faith in your local area network, all Windows PCs have already can see each other, as long as in the open resource sharing project, you can achieve the purpose of the local network. Determine your network parameters on the Internet · even the way: as by far the most common way to online, are divided into: fixed IP (e.g. academic network, or fixed-IP telephone line), floating IP (for example the most popular ADSL timing system), both of these networks although similar setting modes, but there are still some different, so you need to first determine your online on the Internet means that if a fixed system of IP, please be sure to obtain your IP and subnet mask network IP and IP, and so on three Getway group IP address, DNS also needs a group of IP. That if it is floating IP online, you only need your online account, online password, IP and DNS. · set Linux host as NAT host: due to the internal network is a virtual IP of the virtual IP will not be able to communicate with the outside of the Internet, so if you want to connect the Internet, you must have a solid IP Linux host online!, your Linux host must have two network cards: 1. a solid IP (whether fixed or floating) and Internet online, 2. a piece of the virtual IP and your internal network online. 3. then the two pieces on the Linux host within the network card via Linux internal NAT setting to reach the virtual IP connected Internet. · Linux host setting: as described above, Linux host above have two network cards, how to set? 1. communication with the outside world: that of the network card of a network card settings, if it is a fixed IP, then directly enter IP and subnet mask network, you can directly connected to the Internet; but if you are using dialed (or ADSL timing system), you must use such software to rp-pppoe connected to the network! 2. and the internal network to communicate with the network card: this card IP must be with you all of the internal network IP of the computer are in the same network segment, for example, 192.168.1.0-192.168.1.255, in addition to this a network card IP will be your internal network for all computer 『 cig 』. · Windows personal computer settings: personal computer, as we have already set up NAT host, a host has a fixed IP, daughter of virtual shield network, therefore, the Windows system is direct inputA fixed virtual IP, subnet mask, and gateway is set to NAT host IP! online through the above, in the Windows above increase communication protocol, and take your Linux host is set to become a NAT host, your local area network can successfully set up, and you can use NAT technology to reach every computer can be connected to the Internet-enabled features wow